A Pooled Analysis of 25 Intervention Trials
Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(9):821-827.
Background Epidemiological studies have consistently associated nut consumption with
reduced risk for coronary heart disease. Subsequently, many dietary intervention trials
investigated the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels. The objectives of this
study were to estimate the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels and to
examine whether different factors modify the effects.
reduced risk for coronary heart disease. Subsequently, many dietary intervention trials
investigated the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels. The objectives of this
study were to estimate the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels and to
examine whether different factors modify the effects.
Methods We pooled individual primary data from 25 nut consumption trials conducted
in 7 countries among 583 men and women with normo-lipidemia and
hypercholesterolemia who were not taking lipid-lowering medications. I
n a pooled analysis, we used mixed linear models to assess the effects
of nut consumption and the potential interactions.
in 7 countries among 583 men and women with normo-lipidemia and
hypercholesterolemia who were not taking lipid-lowering medications. I
n a pooled analysis, we used mixed linear models to assess the effects
of nut consumption and the potential interactions.
Results With a mean daily consumption of 67 g of nuts, the following estimated
mean reductions were achieved:
Total cholesterol concentration -----5.1% change
mean reductions were achieved:
Total cholesterol concentration -----5.1% change
LDL-C----7.4% change
Ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C----8.3% change
Ratio of total cholesterol concentration to HDL-C ----5.6% change
The effects of nut consumption were dose related, and different types of nuts
had similar effects on blood lipid levels. The effects of nut consumption were significantly
modified by LDL-C, body mass index, and diet type: the lipid-lowering effects of nut
consumption were greatest among subjects with high baseline LDL-C and with low
body mass index and among those consuming Western diets.
had similar effects on blood lipid levels. The effects of nut consumption were significantly
modified by LDL-C, body mass index, and diet type: the lipid-lowering effects of nut
consumption were greatest among subjects with high baseline LDL-C and with low
body mass index and among those consuming Western diets.
Conclusion Nut consumption improves blood lipid levels in a dose-related manner,
particularly among subjects with higher LDL-C or with lower BMI.
particularly among subjects with higher LDL-C or with lower BMI.
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