Wednesday, August 5, 2020

Junior Doctors & Sunset: 1st day & Tears?


No, it was not the sunset that brought tears:


From Avatar Land© 2015 Am Ang Zhang

This is extracted from another post that is about not just the strange medical condition that I have to wait 30 plus years for an answer but to the Junior Doctor that I fondly remembered. This brought tears to my eyes as it was NHS at its best.


Now are we seeing the end game. Well only 54,000 pawns left on the Chess Board.

.........Perhaps we should catheterise her. She had not been seen to use the toilet for hours although she was not drinking much. She was still going round in her room – we gave her the side room and a nurse – and we put on an input output chart so we knew. The new junior doctor’s car broke down so she was late in examining her.
         Bother, I forgot it was changeover time, when new doctors came in for their new six-month rotation.  This is one of the days of the year not to be ill.
         “Good work Sister. What do we do without you?”
         Sister did the catheterisation but only got about 150ml. The mass was still there.
         I phoned Ob-Gyn. The consultant had left for home, but I got her Senior Registrar.
         He came over. Yes, it was possible that she was pregnant but unlikely as there were no breast changes. He would hate to do an X-ray but that seemed justified in the case of an undiagnosed abdominal mass.
         My mind was racing now. Sometimes you do have to believe what you see. Sometimes you have to believe the parents. She was not one of those girls. She could not be pregnant. So now we had to go through the differential diagnosis for abdominal mass in a young girl of thirteen.
         Ovarian cyst was the obvious one.
         This big?
         Possible.
         No. It cannot be.
         The x-ray came back. The tell tale tooth was there and yes – a Teratoma, the distinctive type of tumour that can include teeth, hair, sometimes, even a jaw and tongue.  I guessed just a split second before the results came back. How annoying.
         Working diagnosis: Teratoma with possible toxic psychosis.
         Emergency operation was arranged. Yes, she would be fine a little while after the operation, I reassured the parents.
Junior Doctor arrived:
         The junior arrived and took some history and did a quick physical before she was prepared for the theatre. This petite doctor with a very babyish face told me that on her first day in her last job she had to do an emergency tracheotomy. This time she had been on call for the last three nights and the battery in her old Mini could not cope with the heavy frost so she had to wait for AA before coming. She was most apologetic for not having got in earlier. 

She asked if I had seen many toxic psychosis cases and I asked if she had come across any in her psychiatric placement. As with all good psychiatrists answering a question with another is in our blood and here it worked well.
         Neither of us knew what was to hit us next.


At 2 A.M. I had a call from her.
        “Your patient – I mean our patient could not be aroused after the operation. Yes they removed the teratoma, complete and intact. It is bigger than any specimen I have seen but she could not be aroused.  Any ideas?”
        “Call the paediatrician on call in the regional paediatric unit and I will be in.”
        What happened?  I asked myself as I drove to the hospital.
        What had we done? This was fast becoming a nightmare situation.
        What was I going to say to the parents?
        Something else was going on here, and I was not happy because I did not know what it was. I was supposed to know and I generally did. After all I was the consultant now.
        Thank goodness she could breathe without assistance. That was the first thing I noticed. I saw mother in the corner obviously in tears. She asked if her daughter would be all right. I cannot remember what I said but knowing myself I could not have said anything too discouraging. But then I knew I was in tricky territory and it was unlikely to be the territory of a child psychiatrist.
        A good doctor is one who is not afraid to ask for help but he must also know where to ask.
        “Get me Great Ormond Street.”
        “I already did.”
        She is going to be a good doctor.
        “Well, the Regional unit said that they had no beds so I thought I should ring up my classmate at GOS and she talked to her SR who said “send her in”.”
        Who needs consultants when juniors have that kind of network?  This girl will do well.
        “Everything has been set up. The ambulance will be here in about half an hour and if it is all right I would like to go with her.”
        “Yes, you do and thanks a lot.”

        I told mother that we were transferring her daughter to the best children’s hospital in England if not in the world and the doctor would stay with her in the ambulance. She would be fine.
  
Faith & Prayer      
         When I got into work later that day, my secretary asked how my patient was as she heard from her friend that the church was going to hold a 24-hour vigil for her.
         Trust my secretary. She knew someone from the same church and she always had the knack of extracting information first hand.
         “They say this may be the work of the devil as the doctors and surgeons all did the right things and removed this big tumour but the devil must have got to her.”
         I did have a vague fear that there might have been some anaesthetic accident but quickly told myself off for thinking along that line. I knew all the anaesthetists and such a thing could never have happened.
         I was back at the hospital to deal with an overdose case. The junior was there and we had a chat in Sister’s office.
         They had to ventilate her. That was the first thing she told me. I thanked her for going up there and she said it was scary but she felt important and the mother who was in the ambulance could not thank her enough.
        
         She was impressed with mother’s faith and trust in God.
         She said mother was near to tears. It was bad enough to have such a large Teratoma and then to have the patient unconscious with no one knowing what was going on was very frightening.

        “I have seen some deaths as a medical student but never since I was registered. I do not want this to be my first.”
        I knew the feeling well but what could I say? A doctor has to face it some time.
        “Do you believe there is God?” She asked
        “Do you really think I can answer that one?”
        “Well, you have more experience.”
        “To me it is like reading a good book. You would not know until the end.”
        “So you mean I am not going to know until then.”
        “Interpret whichever way you like. I remember Jung in his Memoir gave quite an account on the Holy Trinity.  There were seventeen bishops in Jung’s family including his own father. Jung had always been puzzled by deity and the bible and most of all by the concept of the Holy Trinity. I know many religious philosophers struggle with that too. By some accident he had access to his father’s inner library. He saw this folder clearly marked Holy Trinity. The relief was phenomenal. He could now have the answer. He hesitated before opening the folder.”
        “What did the folder contain?”
        “See, you want the last chapter. I wanted to know as well. The folder contained pieces of blank paper.”
        “That was it?”

        “That was it.”'
        “Well. My view is this. We are here. We live. We help others to live and maybe we do not ask too many questions and we might or might not in the end know the answer.”
Back to the patient:
   
         “But do you think this girl is going to live though? I do not want this girl to be my first death. It would be so awful.”
         “Neither do I. I keep saying to myself that it is now over seventy two hours and she is still alive and I do know that some cases of viral encephalitis can be very dramatic in presentation and recovery.”
         “But which virus?”
         “The nearest I have is Herpes.”
         “Mother’s cold sore.”
         “You have noticed that too.”
         “I was with her for a long time.”
         We had our own prayer for her too. Let it be Herpes encephalitis and all would be well.
         I left the hospital feeling slightly strange. I just had a philosophical encounter with a young doctor. How strange it is that threats of death always get one thinking about these things.
         The girl remained unconscious although the word was that the EEG was more hopeful than was first thought.  GOS decided to transfer her next door to Queen Square - National Hospital for Nervous Diseases. A lumber puncture[6] was done and the initial findings were in keeping with viral encephalitis. They were now trying to grow the virus. They also wanted Queen Square to decide on assisted ventilation.
         There was now a candlelight vigil at the church and it was hoped that there would always be a lit candle until she came home. The story was in the local paper and radio. Faith was now on field test if not on trial. The doctors were not. They had done their best.
         On the 10th day the ventilator came off, and she was able to breathe without support.
         They then started a vigil in the girl’s home.
         By the 23rd day, as my optimism was about to give in, word came from the hospital that she became conscious. It became big news in the papers.
         When mother came home from London, she came to see my secretary to give her the details. She told my secretary that she always knew that her daughter would live.
         No virus was ever isolated and her diagnosis on discharge was that she had a variant of Encephalitis Lethargica[7].
         “Did you agree with the diagnosis?” The junior asked me when I saw her next.
         “Why should I be arguing with the best neurological centre in the world? It is harder to argue with a variant of Lethargica. However the next few months or years will be important. If she is well then Herpes fits in better and often it is an allergic type of reaction on first exposure. But if she is like those in Awakenings[8], then Encephalitis Lethargica.”
         I saw her at the local hospital rehab a couple of times. Initially there were a good deal of residual symptoms including awkward gait and dis-inhibition. She became better and was moved to a specialised centre and that was the last I heard of her.

Post Script:
“Ten years later mother came to see my secretary and left a photo. It was a photo of her daughter and her new baby. She had been working at the local bank since she left school, met a very nice man and now she had a baby. Mother thought I might remember them and perhaps I would be pleased with the outcome.

I was very pleased for them too but I would hate for anyone to put faith or god to such a test too often.”



We provided World Class Medicine without trying. A quote from a fellow blogger, Dr. No.


Dr No said...
Excellent post - and yes, that is exactly how it used to be. World class medicine without even trying - we just did it, because that is what we did, just as the dolphin swims, and the eagle soars. A key, even vital feature was that the doctors looking after their patients did not need to worry about money or managers. They just got on with it. There was no market to get in the way of truly integrated care. Some may point out that 13 year olds with teratomas are rare, and that is true, but what this case shows us, precisely because of its complexity, is just how capable the system was. And most of the time (of course not always), it dealt just as capably with more routine cases. "How is (sic) the new Consortia going to work out the funding and how are the three Foundation Trust Hospitals going to work out the costs." Exactly. And then: who is going to pay for the staff and their time to work out out all those costs and conduct the transactions?










Can it be that it was all so simple then
Or has time rewritten every line
If we had the chance to do it all again
Tell me - Would we? Could we?
                                                                      The Way We Were

The Cockroach Catcher on Amazon Kindle UK, Amazon Kindle US           

Tuesday, July 7, 2020

Mahler & Wine: 160th Anniversary of Birth.

 ©2014 Am Ang Zhang

Gustav Mahler was born into an Austrian Jewish family on July 7, 1860 in Kaliste, Czech Republic.


Pleasure Principle:

Sigmund Freud’s Pleasure Principle is well known, but his other small “contribution” to mankind, i.e. his unofficial discovery of Cocaine, is probably less so. He in fact became quite an enthusiastic user of cocaine, in addition to smoking a large quantity of cigars, up to 20 a day. He developed jaw cancer and had to endure 33 operations and eventually died of it. 

I am not here to encourage the use of cocaine or cigars (as if people who used them needed encouragement). 

Instead I am going to talk about some of my pleasure pursuits. I have from an early age been interested in music though I have never played any instrument except the “gramophone” if you can call it an instrument. It can also be said that I play these instruments by “proxy” through my children. I have always had a multitude of hobbies: photography, electronics (I built my own radios and valve amplifiers), and snorkeling to name a few. Arriving in London in the early 70s allowed for easy access to Franceand French wine and food remains one of my most pleasurable pursuits, though my interest in wines has now been extended to Port and other non-French wines. 

Gustav Mahler: Resurrection!

And behold, it is no judgment;
there are no sinners, no just….
There is no punishment and no reward.
An overwhelming love illuminates our being.
We know and we are.



"Rise again, yes, rise again thou wilt! Then the glory of God comes into sight. A wondrous light strikes us to the heart. All is quiet and blissful. Lo and behold: there is no judgment, no sinners, no just men, no great and no small; there is no punishment and no reward. A feeling of overwhelming love fills us with blissful knowledge and illuminates our existence.

From silence, the chorus enters, at first almost inaudibly, singing Klopstock’s resurrection poetry. The solo soprano detaches imperceptibly from the chorus and floats above it. Mahler used only two of Klopstock’s three stanzas, and omitted the concluding ‘Hallelujah!’ to each. The remainder of the Symphony’s text was Mahler’s own, started with ‘O glaube’ (‘Oh believe!’), introduced by the mezzo soloist. The end is a soaring E-flat major hymn, from which ‘an overwhelming love lightens our being. We know and we are.’

 

Sadness

In life one goes through difficult times and we Chinese are fairly philosophical about it – unhappiness is often viewed as something secondary to external circumstances such as loss and bereavement, political injustice (which has afflicted most of our families) and other life events that are beyond our control. Our classical poets wrote about such sadness and generally accepted what life befell them. 

When life events do not go our way, some turn to religion, although more and more people nowadays turn to the “happy pill” (drugs). One can also seek comfort in Music, Poetry, Photography, Writing (and blogging), Painting, Fishing, Knitting, Travel and of course Food and Wine. 

In an age when people sought happiness in all ways possible we need to remind ourselves that sadness has been the driving force behind many writers and composers.

Mahler wrote Kindertotenlieder to five poems written by Rückert. Rückert wrote 428 poems following the death of his two children from Scarlet Fever. 

Mahler lived in an age when bacteriology was very much in its infancy. There was still little understanding of the role Streptococcus played in a range of illnesses from Scarlet Fever to Rheumatic Heart Disease and Radium was often used to treat Streptococcal related conditions.  

Mahler’s own daughter tragically died from Scarlet Fever four years after writing Kindertotenlieder and Mahler himself contracted Rheumatic heart disease. When there was still little understanding of the etiology of diseases, superstition came into play so much so that Mahler did not want to write a ninth symphony. It was the start of the Curse of the Ninth Symphony.

Das Lied von der Erde was indeed the result as it was composed after his Eighth Symphony and he did not want to name it his Ninth. 

Mahler conceived the work in 1908 when he was already unwell with his heart condition. A volume of ancient Chinese poetry under the title of The Chinese Flute (Chinesische Flöte) repoetized by Hans Bethge was published in German and Mahler was very much taken by the vision of earthly beauty expressed in these verses. Fate he felt has been unkind to him but he felt able to accept it in his own fashion.

©2016 Am Ang Zhang


Farewell                      Wang Wei (701-761)
Dismounting, let me share your farewell wine  
Where, friend are you heading now?
Choking, fate has not been kind to me
Will retire to the southern slopes to seek rest
Enquire no more when I am gone 
Till the end of clouds, endless white clouds!
送 別                                              王 維
下馬飲君酒,問君何所之?
君言不得意,歸臥南山陲,
但去莫復問,白雲無盡時
                                                          



"I think it is probably the most personal composition I have created thus far."    Gustav Mahler

The first performance of Das Lied von der Erde was conducted by Bruno Walter after Mahler's death. 

Bruno Walter described it as: "the most personal utterance among Mahler's creations, and perhaps in all music."

My first encounter was in the early 70s with the recording by Janet Baker and Waldemar Kmentt (with Kubelik conducting the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra). I still think it is one of the very best performances of Das Lied von der Erde.

Wine

The benefits of moderate consumption of wine have been well documented by scientific papers and the popular press. However, the pleasure of visiting vineyards and tasting local wine and local produce and the regional cuisine is way beyond health pursuit. Given current concerns over the effects of a number of psychiatric drugs, we may have to have a fresh look at the meaning of sadness and happiness in one’s life.

Recently I had the opportunity to drive from the south of France back to London with my family. We decided to revisit some of our favourite vineyards and restaurants on the way. The great thing about France is the country’s ability to preserve regional styles both in wine making and cooking.


Our first stop was Rhone. Twenty years ago I visited Rhone and Maison Paul Jaboulet Aîné was my favourite vineyard. One could get a bottle of their La Chapelle Hermitage for a very reasonable price then. It was a fantastic wine and Hugh Johnson in his pocket guide described it as a match for any wine on earth. How true it was and its current price also reflects that. Now I have to settle forCrozes Hermitage. This wine fortunately needs less cellar time and the sunshine and soil imparts a flinty and peppery flavour that is so typical of the region. It has that elusive softness on the palate.

It was just as well I did not go for the top price wine. Afterwards I was told by a good friend of mine that since the death of the old man Gérard Jaboulet in 1997, La Chapelle Hermitage has not really been the same. The last great vintage was 1996. Nowhere is tradition more important than in some of the top vineyards in the world. Chateau d’Yquem hopefully will never give up their traditional method.

The white we chose from Jaboulet was Pararelle 45, the name taken from its cellar’s latitude position. It is a white wine with 20%Viognier, a grape variety that gives white wines in the area its long and lingering after-taste. It will be great with many Chinese dishes and of course sea food and will hold its own even with fairly spicy seasoning.

The next stop was in Burgundy, arguably one of the two best wine districts in France. I was once told by someone whose father was from Bordeaux and mother from Burgundy that Champagne is that place in between that produces a fizzy drink. Well, that is French for you.


Now when in Burgundy, there really is no point thinking cheap and with my daughter’s rather well trained palate we headed to Puligny Montrachet. It was vintage time and the chardonnay grapes were coming in. It was a moving sight and with the glorious autumn sun just setting we tasted some of the finest that this area has to offer. Not the most expensive, as Le Montrachet will set you back quite a bit. I tasted some grapes and even two or three were enough to convince me that everything was working for this region. You could taste just about everything even in a few grapes. Some of you would have seen the photo of the reds in one of my previous postings. It was a bit of tongue in cheek putting up glorious burgundies for cooking, but it is what they do in the region when preparing the fabulous local dishes of Boeuf Bourguignon and Coq Au Vin.

The Puligny Montrachet we chose was from Henri Moroni (so were the reds). Their tasting room was rustic and not pretentious.


We spit our wines, not because they were bad, but it was the only way not to be intoxicated. It felt like such a waste but Madame even insisted that we should. We tasted Chassagne Montrachet some years back and they were great wines too. This time we decided to have a slightly different experience. I was surprised at how different it was. This wine has a superb vanilla, almond and citrus nose that is so assertive that just smelling it is enough to convince you that it is a must have. The colour is a brilliant light gold with that very typical green tinge, exactly the colour of those tiny grapes we tasted outside. Unlike some lesser wines, the nose converts to even greater flavour on the palate.


This is a pedigree wine at a fairly reasonable price, by that I mean much more reasonable than Le Montrachet.
What is to go with this wine? I have often felt that some of these great white burgundy wines are best enjoyed on their own. However, it will be perfect with Turbot, Halibut, Scallop and Bresse Chicken, one of the first French produce to have an AOC. (In The Cockroach Catcher, the child psychiatrist lamented that the excellent free range chicken that he tasted in his childhood days could no longer be found.) I recommend most of the seafood (if very fresh) dishes to be cooked simply steamed or seared with minimal seasoning like a touch of sea salt, fresh ginger and coriander. Similarly the best chicken can be just rubbed with sea salt, steamed and served with a delicate spring onion and ginger sauce in its own juice. In my view, food and wine should complement each other but the very best wines simply enhance the dishes. 





Wine Posts:

Tuesday, June 23, 2020

Doctor Atomic



Batter my heart, three-person'd God ; for you
As yet but knock ; breathe, shine, and seek to mend ;
That I may rise, and stand, o'erthrow me, and bend
Your force, to break, blow, burn, and make me new.
I, like an usurp'd town, to another due,
Labour to admit you, but O, to no end.
Reason, your viceroy in me, me should defend,
But is captived, and proves weak or untrue.
Yet dearly I love you, and would be loved fain,
But am betroth'd unto your enemy ;
Divorce me, untie, or break that knot again,
Take me to you, imprison me, for I,
Except you enthrall me, never shall be free,
Nor ever chaste, except you ravish me.

HOLY SONNETS. XIV John Donne (1572-1631)


Doctor Atomic Metropolitan Opera House

The Metopera is streaming Doctor Atomic during this Covid19 period s I am re-posting this opera which we saw in 2008.

At the end of Act 1 of Dr Atomic (premiere at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York this season - composer: John Adams), Oppenheimer, the father of the Atomic bomb, faces his own personal crisis alone in the desert, recalling this sonnet by John Donne.

Gerald Finley as J. Robert Oppenheimer in "Doctor Atomic." Terrence McCarthy
This opera was first performed in San Francisco in 2005. You can read about that here.

The Cockroach Catcher and his wife were at the Met’s performance on the 13th of November 2008, a review of which you can read 
here.

I am not here to discuss the rights and wrongs of the Atomic bomb and its derivatives. There are now 50,000 such weapons worldwide. What is clear is that it has always been humans who hold the key to mass destruction. In 
Nanking. the Japanese grew bamboo through living Chinese as a means of destruction. It did not take an Einstein to work that one out nor an Oppenheimer to execute it.

In Dr Atomic, at the high point of the final countdown to the test firing of the bomb, there was a tape recorded voice of a Japanese woman repeatedly asking for a glass of water.



5:29:45 am Mountain War Time on July 16, 1945 Los Alamos National Laboratory
What would the effect have been if images of Japanese atrocities in Nanking or in Hong Kong were projected on stage at the same time? Or perhaps Pearl Harbour, for an American audience?
After all there have been recent attempts by Japan to change their history textbooks. Guilt must in the end find its proper home.


That I may rise, and stand, o'erthrow me, and bend
Your force, to break, blow, burn, and make me new.





Other Opera Posts:

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Coffee in Panama – Faking Is Not All Bad


In my earlier blog Anhinga in Costa Rica - Faking Is Not All Bad I reflected on how in my child psychiatric practice, I came across a number of children who seemed to have made good use of faking. Indeed I came to the conclusion that faking might not be all bad.

Panama has been associated with some fabricated plots. There were the John Le Carre book 
The Tailor of Panama that was turned into a film, the location shoot of the Quantum of Solace (in Panama, doubling as a country in South America), and the Canoeist faking death, just to mention a few.



Panama ©2009 Am Ang Zhang
Then there was the coffee scandal.
In 1996 in California, a certain  Michel Norton, owner of Kona Kai Coffee was sentenced to 30 months in prison. Apparently for an extended period of time (some reckoned a decade may not be an over estimate), cheaper and “lower grade” Panamanian and Costa Rican coffee were used to pass off as “Pure Kona Coffee”.

Cheaper, certainly, as you would not otherwise be doing it. But, INFERIOR? I think many would certainly dispute that. I do not think you can really use an inferior product to pass off as something superior and fool people for long.

So the Ambassador of Panama in Washington D.C. wrote to the 
New York Times:

To the Editor:
I read with amusement about the indictment of a coffee supplier on selling fraudulently marked beans to retailers (news article, Nov. 13).
Without making light of the charges, I am pleased that the coffee buyer for Peet's Coffee and Tea is uncertain that he can tell the difference between the ''cheaper'' Panamanian beans allegedly substituted for the more expensive Kona.
Panama's coffee is among the world's best. In fact, members of my staff have seen Panamanian beans for sale at high-end coffeehouses for little less than Kona. Perhaps we can arrange a taste test of Kona and Panamanian coffee for the sellers mentioned in the article. I am sure that no one will be more pleased with the results than my native coffee growers.


EDUARDO MORGAN
Ambassador of Panama, Washington

The Cockroach Catcher was fortunate enough to have visited both Costa Rica and Panama. Costa Rica coffee is quite well known but few people realise that Panama produces coffee. I was determined to find out more about coffee grown in Panama.

Plants need to struggle to produce the kind of ‘poison’ against diseases, and coffee apparently is no different. This is well known for wine: vines grown in abundant sunshine may produce wine with a high alcohol content but does not produce enough of the ‘poison’ that humans love — we call the ‘poison’----- anti-oxidants.

Now even for the wonder malaria drug, Artemisinin, the plant Artemisia annua if cultivated with good fertilisers will not produce the anti-malaria ingredient at all.

Yes, plants need to struggle. Shade, and a misty atmosphere all work together to help the coffee shrubs struggle and help certain varieties of to develop health conferring properties, although the yield is lower than if you apply fertilisers and cut away the shading trees.




Misty Boquete, Panama ©2009 Am Ang ZhangBerry picking ©2009 Am Ang Zhang
  My friend's coffee©2012 Am Ang Zhang
Happily the shading trees provide a sanctuary for birds. Panama is famous for the number of bird species both resident and migrating, and for a number of years, has achieved the highest Christmas bird count as audited by the Audubon Society. A traditional coffee plantation (known as Finca) can play host to nearly 280 varieties of birds.

Well, call it chance or luck, someone bought a Finca in Boquete in Panama. Unfortunately a fungal blight wiped out most of the coffee plants that were originally there. A quick research by the owner showed that one variety of coffee called by the unlikely name of Geisha is resistant to the fungal disease. Remember, it can probably produce the ‘poison’. This tree grows taller, yield is lower but the coffee it produces is just wonderful.

In the last few years, in international cupping competitions, this coffee came first. Yes: FIRST.

The name: La Esmeralda Especial, from the Hacienda Plantation.

But wait for this, in 2007 the price fetched at auction was US$130 per pound. That is expensive. Or is it? With espresso extraction you can get 40 cups to the pound. Is that not under $4 per cup, and since you can extract a second cup – water based “decaf”, is that not under $2 per cup? Here is the latest tasting note.



As I was preparing this blog, news came about:
Coffee Linked to Lower Dementia Risk
Over time health benefits have been associated with red wine, olive oil, chocolate, almonds, pomegranate, blueberry, green tea and coffee. The Cockroach Catcher is sceptical of extreme claims, but for the record I do take all the items mentioned above, in moderation. It is indeed more important that you should enjoy what you eat and drink and not just what researchers tell you, and in moderation.

Next time in Trivial Pursuit you will know the answers to: What is the best coffee in the world? What country has the highest count of birds at Christmas?



Birding in Boquete, Panama ©2009 Am Ang Zhang

Happy cupping.

GRAND ROUNDS 5:22 EMERGIBLOG
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